Cherry Chermashnaya
Content:
In this article, we will focus on the Chermashnaya variety, which is considered early and has a distinctive yellow berry tint. This variety is in demand among gardeners, since the fruits can be enjoyed already in the middle of summer.
Cherry Chermashnaya was bred by breeders by free pollination of the Leningrad yellow cherry in the All-Russian Institute and was officially registered already in 2004 with a recommendation for cultivation in the Central zone of Russia.
Cherry Chermashnaya: variety description
Cherry Chermashnaya: photo of the variety
The cherry tree variety Chermashnaya is quite tall and reaches 5 meters, while having a fast growth force. The crown is formed spherical and medium thickened. The branches are rectangular in shape and form an obtuse angle with the trunk, which is a distinctive characteristic of the plant. The bark of the shoots has a reddish-brown tint. The leaf is in the shape of a lanceolate oval and is often serrated along the entire edge of the leaf blade.
The fruits of the cherry variety Chermashnaya are formed on bouquet branches and also individually on the shoots. The color of the berries is yellow, sometimes there is a pink blush. The shape of the fruit is round, the weight of each fruit is about 4 grams. The berries are of medium size, especially in relation to large-fruited cherry varieties, for example, a bovine heart. The pulp has a shade similar to the skin, a large amount of juice and high dessert properties. Each fruit contains a stone inside that separates well from the fruit.
It is best to grow cherries of the Chermashnaya variety in the southern regions of Russia, as well as in its central part. Also, to obtain the best yield, loose light soil is needed, in particular sandy or loamy soil.
Cherry Chermashnaya: characteristic of the variety
A pronounced distinctive feature of the cherry variety Chermashnaya is the early ripening of the crop, as well as the high resistance of the tree to frost and a fairly high immunity to various diseases and insect pests.
The tree tolerates winters well, typical for the climate of the Moscow region. At the same time, evaluating these properties, experts put two points on the freezing of the bark. This assessment testifies to the good resistance of the plant to winter. In addition, cherries calmly endure hot dry summers, as they are very fond of warmth.
The cherry tree of the Chermashnaya variety begins to bear fruit two years after planting. The tree begins to bloom even before the leaves form. Moreover, the flowers here have a white tint, and are also formed in the form of an umbrella. Cherry of this variety is self-fertile, therefore, for its pollination, it is necessary to grow other varieties of cherries nearby, such as Crimean cherry, Shokoladnitsa and others.
The greatest amount of Chermashnaya cherry harvest is formed 5 years after planting, when the cherry is already quite mature. At the same time, about 30 kg of berries can be obtained from one tree. The berries are formed gradually, but in a short period of time. With numerous plantings per hectare, more than 80 centners of fruits can be harvested.
The resistance to diseases in the cherry variety Chermashnaya is quite high, as well as to insect pests. However, in order for a tree to have good immunity, it is necessary to take proper care of it.
Cherry Chermashnaya: features of the variety
Cherry Chermashnaya: photo of the variety
- Application area
The cherries of the Chermashnaya variety can be eaten fresh, as well as used in the preparation of various preparations in the form of jam or compotes. It is noted that the harvested crop is able to retain its external taste for no more than 4 days when stored in the refrigerator, and also provided that the cutting is preserved. In addition, cherries are frozen. If you are going to transport fruits over a long distance, then you should collect them with cuttings.
- Advantages and disadvantages
To the merits cherry varieties Chermashnaya include very high external taste qualities of fruits, as well as their early ripening. In addition, the crop yields a large amount of harvest annually and is quite resistant to frost and insect pests.
Of the shortcomings Chermashnaya cherries mark only the self-infertility of the tree, as well as the possibility of cracking when the summer is too rainy.
Cherry Chermashnaya: planting
- Planting material
When choosing a seedling, you should pay attention to the roots, shoots and buds of the plant in order for the tree to grow healthy and bear a large number of fruits. It is best to buy a seedling in a special nursery, while the roots should be at least 25 cm without signs of freezing and disease. In the section, the root color should be white. It is also necessary to pay attention to the presence of growths and swellings, which speak of the seedling cancer. The bark should be flat and smooth. Also, the seedling should not be less than two years old. Experienced gardeners, before planting a plant, sometimes cut off the tips of thick roots for better plant survival.
- Landing rules
It is necessary to choose the right place where the Chermashnaya cherry will bring the maximum amount of the crop.
The optimal time for planting is early spring, so that the tree takes root well enough and has time to prepare for winter. The site must be open, accessible to constant sunlight. Do not choose low-lying areas. There should be light, well-drained and loose soil. Groundwater must be deep. The tree will not grow on peat, clay and sandy soils. When choosing a place for planting, you should pay attention to the fact that other varieties of cherries grow near the Chermashnaya cherry. It is not recommended to plant cherries next to berry bushes, as well as with other fruit trees, the fruits of which are not stone fruits.
The place for planting cherry varieties Chermashnaya is prepared in advance. First you need to make a landing hole, which will be about 90 cm in all directions. At the bottom of the pit, a mound is made, into which a peg is previously driven in to create a support for the seedling. A tree is placed on the mound, the root system is gently straightened, and everything is covered with earth. The soil needs to be tamped.
After planting, a near-stem circle should be formed for the convenience of further watering. Once the seedling is planted, water the plant using three buckets of water and lay out a good layer of mulch, which is great for compost, peat or ash.
Cherry Chermashnaya: variety care
Cherry Chermashnaya: photo of the variety
In order for the Chermashnaya cherry variety tree to grow well and bear fruit, it is necessary to properly care for it, namely, before the fruits begin to form, all shoots should be shortened by about 1/5 of the plant. It is also necessary in the autumn to fertilize plantings with superphosphate, which should be applied at the rate of 3 tablespoons per square meter. After fertilization, the tree must be watered abundantly.
Diseases and insect pests
If moniliosis or gray rot occurs, it is necessary to remove all diseased branches and treat the plant with copper oxychloride. For the purpose of prevention, it is necessary to dig up the near-trunk circle in the autumn period, and also periodically process the culture with five percent urea.
If the cherry Chermashnaya is sick with brown leaf spot, then it is necessary to treat the tree with a solution of copper sulfate or Bordeaux liquid. For prevention purposes, it is also necessary to remove fallen leaves in a timely manner and periodically process the plant.
In addition, there is a disease such as clasterosporium, for the treatment of which it is necessary to use Bordeaux liquid or Nitrafen.
Of the popular insect pests, aphids most often attack the tree. To get rid of aphids, you should treat with Aktellik or use Fitoverm.
Cherry tubevert is also one of the popular cherry pests. If it is found, drugs such as Chlorophos, Actellic and Corsair should be used.
In addition, the slimy cherry sawfly is often attacked, which is destroyed by treating the plant with Karbofos and other drugs.
In order to prevent insect pests, it is necessary to remove fallen leaves in a timely manner, dig up the ground in the autumn and periodically treat trees with Urea.
Conclusion
Cherry Chermashnaya: photo of the variety
Summing up the article, it can be noted that the cherry variety Chermashnaya is the best option, since it has early ripening of fruits, and besides, the culture is completely unpretentious in care, has high resistance to frost and excellent external and taste qualities of the fruits.
