Pear Bryansk Beauty

Pear Bryanskaya Krasavitsa is an early autumn variety, it was created at the end of the twentieth century at the All-Russian Selection and Technical Institute of the Bryansk Region. Originators - A. Vysotsky and N. Rozhnov crossed the varieties "Novogodnaya" and "Williams Rouge Delbara", and thus an elite new variety was obtained. In 2010, after the variety was tested, it was entered into the state register. From this article, you will learn about the characteristics, the cultivation of this culture, read the reviews of gardeners, which will give a general idea of ​​the pear of the Bryansk beauty variety. The plant is recommended for growing in the Black Earth Region, Central Region. Since the pear variety Bryanskaya krasavitsa is resistant to frost, it can be cultivated in the Ural territory.

Pear Bryanskaya Krasavitsa: characteristic of the variety

Pear Bryansk Beauty: photo of the variety

The tree is medium-sized, grows up to five meters, forms a crown one hundred cm from the ground surface.

The crown of the pear tree The Bryansk beauty is compact, in the form of a pyramid, vertical shoots grow with an average frequency. The middle branches and trunk are brown with dark red coloration. Young shoots of burgundy color, as they develop, are repainted in the same color as in perennials.

The leaves are medium in size, oblong, in the form of an oval, the apex is pointed. The upper part of the leaf is smooth, shiny, dark green in color. Leaves on the growth of intense rich burgundy color, when the upper fruit bud is formed, the leaves are repainted in a light green color.

Abundant flowering begins from 15 May days. Flowers of white color, gather in inflorescences of three to five pieces. Fruits are not given by everyone, some of the flowers fall off before the ovaries are formed.

The flowering of the pear variety Bryanskaya Krasavitsa begins later than most fruiting plants, therefore, repeated frosts in the spring do not affect productivity.

Pear Bryansk Beauty: variety description

Pear Bryansk Beauty: photo of the variety

Pear Bryansk Beauty possesses early maturity, the pear tree bears the first fruits for 3 years after it is grafted. By the age of 6, full-fledged fruiting begins. A tree that is grown from a seedling begins to bear fruit after five years of development. This pear variety is one of those that is combined with a quince stock.

Characteristic features of the fruit of the variety.

• The fruits are regular, elongated.
• All fruits are one-dimensional, the average weight is two hundred and fifty grams.
• The peel is plump, tough, at technical maturity, the color is green, there is also a small oval speck of red color on the side, the so-called blush.
• The upper part is tuberous, uneven.
• Fully ripe pears are yellow, the pigment is dark purple, matte, covering half of the pear.
• The inner content is light beige in color, juicy, fine grain, has an aroma.
• Taste qualities are sweet, there is a slight sourness.
• Ripening of the variety occurs in the 15th of September. After the harvest is harvested, pears can be stored for fourteen days.
• If you put the fruits in the refrigerator (temperature conditions - plus four degrees), then they will retain their taste and marketability for 2 months.

Pear Bryansk Beauty: advantages and disadvantages

Pear variety Bryanskaya krasavitsa is an elite dessert variety. His pros are given below.

• Early maturity - begins to bear fruit in the third or fifth year of growth.
• Possesses good tolerance to low temperature conditions.
• Resistant to some harmful garden insects.
• There is an immune defense against the fungus.
• No helpers are required for pollination, as the variety is self-pollinated.
• By the age of 6, it is already fully bearing fruit.
• Excellent taste, decorative crown.
• If you create suitable temperature conditions, pears will retain their qualities for a long time.

Flaws: unstable harvest; with a lack of moisture, there is a loss of taste in the fruit.

Pear cultivation

Pear Bryansk Beauty: photo of the variety

Pear Bryanskaya Krasavitsa was created to grow it in the Black Earth Region, later the geography spread to the Center of Russia. "Bryansk beauty" can be found in the Moscow region, in Chelyabinsk, Omsk and their regions. To obtain a stable yield, certain conditions must be met in order to determine a permanent growing area for the pear tree. The place should be well lit, located in the south or west. The best site is behind the wall of the building, so the young tree will be protected from the northern cold winds. With a lack of ultraviolet light, the growing process will slow down, young thin shoots will stretch out, the tree will bloom inadequately.

The soil is selected loamy or sandy loamy neutral acidity. If the soil is acidic, then alkaline fertilizers are applied in the autumn. The pear of the Bryansk Beauty variety will not grow in swampy areas, because of the high-flowing groundwater, the root can rot. The soil is selected filled with nutrients and well-drained.

Pear Bryansk Beauty: landing

In the Russian Center, the pear variety Bryanskaya Krasavitsa is planted in the spring season before the buds bloom on the seedlings, planting is carried out after positive temperature conditions are established, and repeated frosts in the spring are bypassed. In the autumn season, the pear is not planted because in the last days of September there may be cold snaps, and the death of a seedling that has not taken root may occur. In the south, planting is carried out in the autumn season three weeks before cold snaps.

Planting material should be one to two years old, should have well-developed roots, without dried and decaying parts. Shoots should have a smooth bark and be intact. The trunk above the root collar should have a dense place (grafting site).

• How to plant a pear correctly.

For planting a tree, the pit is prepared in advance. The fertile soil layer is mixed with organic substances, one hundred twenty grams of superphosphate and potassium are added. The root system is lowered for forty minutes in a solution of the drug "Kornevin" to stimulate growth.

• Planting progress.

1. A stake is driven into the hole (seventy-five by one hundred cm), it shifts from the middle by fifteen cm.
2. Part of the substrate is poured in the form of a cone.
3. A seedling is installed, the roots are equally distributed along the bottom of the hole, if the seedling is containerized, then it is placed in the middle along with a soil clod, transferring.
4. Then the seedling is sprinkled with the rest of the substrate.
5. The plant is tied to a support, the soil is compacted, watering is carried out.

An important condition for planting is that the grafting site should rise seven cm above the surface soil layer. When planting in spring, the plant is shortened to stimulate the growth of lateral branches.

Pear Bryansk Beauty: variety care

Pear Bryansk Beauty: photo of the variety

• Watering and fertilizing.

The tree is whimsical to watering (especially in the early years of development). With a lack of water, the vegetation process of young shoots slows down, the formation of ovaries is poor, productivity decreases, and the taste of fruits is lost. An adult pear is watered abundantly when it blooms. Young plants are watered into pre-dug grooves, twenty cm deep, manipulation is carried out 1 time in seven days. Loosening of the soil, mulching with straw or humus is also carried out.

Correctly plant the planting material in the prepared nutrient substrate. There is no need to feed during the first three years. At 4 years old, early in the spring (before the buds bloom), urea or saltpeter is introduced. In autumn, fertilized with organic substances, phosphorus and potassium mixtures.

The main fertilization is carried out with full fruiting of the pear tree.

In the spring season, before the pear blossoms, urea is scattered around the tree along the perimeter of the crown.

After the tree has bloomed, "Kaphor K" is applied.

After dropping a part of the ovaries, ash or a phosphorus-containing mixture is introduced.

When the fruits are ripe, the pear is sprayed with a solution of magnesium sulfate.

In autumn, after the foliage has fallen off, a complex of fertilizers "Fertika Autumn" or organic matter is applied, and the soil of the trunk circle is dug up.

Once every five years, soil acidity is neutralized with dolomite flour.

• Circumcision procedure.

They begin to form the crown immediately after planting, the seedling is shortened to sixty-five cm. Within 5 years, the formation of a pear tree is carried out.

On a first year plant, green shoots are fixed horizontally.

Of these, in the second year in the spring, 1 tier of the skeletal frame (three branches) is formed, a quarter of the length is removed. In the summer season, the apical parts break off, this is necessary for new shoots to grow.

Tier 2 is formed for 3 years from 2 branches (the same scheme). In the first days of July, the apical parts of the young branches are pinched.

Tier 3 contains three frame branches, they are shortened by one fourth.

The crown should have more elongated and thickened lower shoots, the following are shorter and thinner than the previous ones. If you form a tree in this way, then its crown will be in the form of a pyramid.

An adult tree over five years of age is subjected to sanitary pruning every spring and autumn, and dried branches are removed. The crown is thinned out, excess branches and root growth are cut off.

• Whitewashing the trunk.

Eggs of harmful insects and fungal spores overwinter in the bark. With the help of whitewashing the trunk, parasitic microorganisms and pests are destroyed. Whitewashing is carried out in the autumn and spring seasons. At the beginning of the growing season, moss and old bark are removed from the pear, then whitewash is carried out. If you process the tree in this way, it will save it from ultraviolet burns. For this, lime, water-based or acrylic paint is used.

• How to prepare a plant for the winter season.

The variety is resistant to frost, can survive a decrease in temperature conditions up to twenty-eight degrees. Prepare for wintering as follows: watered abundantly, mulched with peat, straw, needles. Young trees are covered with burlap or covering material.

• Pollination

Pear Bryansk Beauty is pollinated independently, this characteristic has a positive effect on fruiting. As gardeners say, this variety pleases with a rich harvest, if planted next to a tree of a different variety, in this regard, several varieties of pears can be placed in one place or in the neighborhood. The best pollinators: Moskvichka, Lada Amurskaya.The flowering of trees occurs at the same time, therefore, the productivity of the pear variety Bryanskaya Krasavitsa increases.

Yield indicator

Pear Bryansk Beauty: photo of the variety

The pear variety Bryansk beauty blooms late, from repeated frosts in the spring there is no death of flowers. The variety is self-fertile. This variety does not yield high yields. Numerous ovaries bloom profusely, but most of them crumble. The average yield is nineteen kg of pears. If you follow the agrotechnical rules: feeding, watering, cutting the tree, planting it on neutral soil and in the vicinity of pollinating varieties, then there is an increase in the yield level by ten kg.

Diseases and pests

Pear Bryansk beauty has good immune protection, in rare cases it is affected by a disease. If the summer season is cold, plus there is a lot of rainfall, then scab may appear on the leaves and fruits. Before the tree blooms, treatment with copper sulfate is carried out, after the fruits are tied - with the preparations "Gamair", "Raek". Of the harmful insects for pears, the gall mite is dangerous. For preventive purposes, early in the spring, young leaves and buds are sprayed with Decis or Inta Vir. After the plant has bloomed, treatment with colloidal sulfur is carried out.

Pear Bryansk Beauty: reviews of gardeners

Viktor Antonovich, 36 years old, Omsk region: “I have several varieties of pears growing in my garden, among them there is“ Bryanskaya krasavitsa ”, which has been growing for 6 years already. In the first days of September I harvest. The tree, of course, does not give high yields, but this minus is compensated by the taste and marketability of pears. The disadvantages, in my opinion, can be attributed to the fact that the fruits are poorly fixed, after they are ripe, they fall off the pear. To increase the yield of the pear variety Bryanskaya beauty, I recommend thinning the crown and removing weak ovaries. In this case, there will be more pears on the tree, and they will ripen better. "

Marina Gavrilovna, 49 years old, Moscow region: “In my yard, the Bryansk beauty pear is a favorite, because the fruits are so sweet and have a rich aroma and taste that I make juices from them. The last fruits that were harvested in the last days of September are in the refrigerator, and until December days there are fresh, eco-friendly pears at home. For our climatic conditions, this is the best pear variety, because it is frost-resistant, it is not necessary to cover it for wintering, it is immune to disease. As a preventive measure, when the first leaves appear, I spray them with copper sulfate. "

Outcome

Characteristics and real reviews about the pear Bryansk beauty make it clear whether the variety is suitable for planting in your territory. The plant during selection was adapted to the weather of temperate latitudes, the fruits of this pear are highly valued, the variety is unpretentious to care and has resistance to diseases and harmful insects.