Pear Parisian

The Parisian pear is considered a very old variety, but to this day it is very popular among gardeners.

The fruits of the Parisian pear variety have a delicious taste and a very attractive appearance. This article will focus on this particular culture.

History

The Parisian pear was bred more than a century ago in France by the famous scientist Fursin. He got a hybrid by crossing two varieties of Curé and Saint Germain wintry... All parts of the tree can freeze in very cold winters, so this plant is suitable for growing only in the South and Central Russia. The fruits of the Parisian pear ripe on the tree have a very appetizing appearance and are suitable for consumption, both fresh and for preparing winter preparations.

Pear Parisian: variety description

Pear Parisian: photo of the variety

The crown of the tree in the Parisian pear variety has the shape of a pyramid, the branches here are straight, very long. The color of the bark is dark yellow. As the tree matures, the bark turns dark gray. The crown is not thickened, since the leaves do not have a large amount. The fruit tastes very sweet and juicy. The shape of the fruit is elongated, the shade of the peel is very bright, yellow with a slight blush at the edges and a pleasant pronounced aroma. The ripeness of the fruit is indicated by specks on the entire surface of the peel. Speaking of the pulp, it is worth noting its dense structure and a large amount of juice. The fruits are large enough, each weighing about 200 g.

Considering all the above qualities of the fruit, the Parisian pear variety has high commercial properties and during storage the fruits do not lose their attractiveness: the peel remains intact, and the pulp is tasty.

Pear Parisian: characteristics of the variety

The Parisian pear is a self-fertile variety, so the plant does not require special pollinators. Because the pear can pollinate its flowers on its own. However, in some regions, the tree may lose its self-fertile properties and be partially self-fertile. If this happens, the yield of the Parisian pear variety will be reduced. It is best to insure yourself and plant another pear variety on the site, which blooms at the same time. Thus, you will get more harvest.

The advantages of the Parisian pear variety include the long shelf life of the fruits. If stored at 0 degrees, they can retain their appearance until the end of winter.

The Parisian pear tree begins to bear fruit 2 years after planting. Further, as the tree matures, the amount of harvest increases. Fruits can be harvested in the middle of autumn - they are usually removed earlier so that they do not fall off and spoil their appearance, as well as in order to increase the shelf life of the fruits.

• Yield

From one tree of the Parisian pear variety, about 100 kg of fruit can be harvested. The fruit ripens for more than 3 months. However, the yield will depend not only on the variety, but also on other conditions: the growth of the tree, the place of planting, compliance with the rules for care, as well as the age of the tree.

• Winter resistance

Like any self-fertile tree, the Parisian pear does not have high resistance to winter. In those regions that are characterized by particularly severe winters, ice can form in the tissues, which negatively affects all branches, damaging both the trunk and the roots. The damaged areas regenerate very slowly, and most likely the tree will die, therefore the described variety is only suitable for growing in warm regions where the climate is mild.

As the tree matures, its winter hardiness can increase, so young seedlings have less frost resistance, and adult plants more. Also, the tree can be destroyed by recurrent spring frosts, as well as rains, since the ice remains on the branches and begins to damage the tissues, buds and bark of trees.

Pear Parisian: advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of the Parisian pear variety include a large amount of yield, high taste and external characteristics. Negative characteristics include low resistance to winter, as well as vulnerability to certain diseases. The influence of weather indicators on the quantity and quality of the crop, as well as a rather demanding attitude to the soil and growing conditions.

Pear Parisian: planting varieties

Pear Parisian: photo of the variety

Planting the Parisian pear variety is exactly the same as planting any other tree. However, there are some rules to be aware of. A landing site should be prepared in advance. You need to choose a site that is open enough, but make sure that water does not stagnate there and it is not in the lowlands. The soil should be loose, light so that the air circulates freely to the roots, that is, loam or sandy soil would be ideal.

If you have other trees on the site, then you must maintain a distance between them of about 4 meters, and if the trees are small, then 2 meters. The distance between the two varieties of pollinators should be no more than 6 m. In addition, the site should be open, sunny, so that the sun illuminates it for about 7 hours a day. In this case, the soil must be well-drained.

The optimal time for planting will be spring. Since pears have low frost resistance, the air temperature should not drop below 27 degrees in winter. These are usually European countries, the central, southern part of Russia, the Baltic states, Ukraine. If the variety is of Asian origin, then the temperature is destructive for it even below 7 degrees.

Before planting a Parisian pear seedling, it is necessary to place it in water for 3-4 hours, and then be sure to place the roots in a clay solution. This is done so that the root system straightens out and is not damaged during planting. Clay will help protect plants from various pathogenic fungi. Next, you need to clear the prepared place of stones, weeds and other debris. Dig a hole, the diameter of which will be about one meter by one meter, and pour 10 liters of manure into it.

After that, the soil is poured into the pit, and a seedling is installed on the mound. It is necessary to carefully straighten the root processes in a circle, then the residual soil is poured and the ground must be properly tamped on top. It is necessary to arrange a small groove around the trunk so that the water does not spread out during watering. After planting, the seedling must be watered.

Further, the tree needs to be watered several more times after planting for better adaptation. Also, so that the soil finally subsides, and excess air comes out of the ground.

Pear Parisian: variety care

After the tree is planted, you need to monitor and care for it. Care comes down to watering, annual pruning, feeding, as well as protecting against possible diseases and pests.

It is necessary to weed the entire area, loosen the ground after watering, and remove fallen leaves and fruits. Watering should be done about twice a week for a young tree. Although it is better to be guided by the weather conditions. Sprinkling is the best method, since moisture gets to all parts of the plant during this time.

You can simply water the pear into a circle that you make yourself.If we are talking about an adult tree, then it is often not necessary to water it; it will be enough to water the pear abundantly once a month. It is also important to be guided by the weather here. The root system of an adult pear is developed and the tree can feed on groundwater.

The Parisian pear variety is usually watered from spring to autumn. Just before winter, watering must be stopped so that the tree has time to get rid of excess moisture before winter arrives. So it will be less susceptible to the negative effects of frost.

• Crown formation

Pruning is not carried out until the Parisian pear begins to bear fruit, that is, until the seedling is more than 4 years old. Pruning is carried out in winter. Here the main goal will be the formation of the correct crown, as well as the removal of dried and old branches. Since the pear is dormant in winter, you can prune at any time during the winter months. In addition, pruning can be carried out in the summer, especially those trees that are grown on trellises.

Here it is necessary to cut off the top so that the pear does not grow too high, and when the trunk reaches 1 meter, it swells by 30 cm.In addition to ease of maintenance, this stimulates the growth of new lateral branches.

When pruning a pear, the following rules must be observed. First, all branches that grow inward and thicken the crown are removed, then old dry damaged branches must be removed. Further, if the crown is formed correctly, then only the tops of the side branches are cut off, and then the main tiers of the branches need to be reduced by about one third. In this case, the incisions are made over the kidney, which is facing outward. The lateral branches that extend from the main branches in winter are not touched, and in summer they are cut a little shorter. Sometimes pruning is done in September, if secondary growth appears.

Pruning is done with clean, sharp instruments. This can be a pruner, a saw, or a delimber. Also, before cutting off trees, you should carefully calculate everything and make marks where you need to cut branches.

• Feeding

Like any other tree, the pear needs fertilization. They should be brought in before bud break, usually in March. However, if you were unable to feed the tree at this time, then you can fertilize the tree later, until June.

You cannot apply fertilizers in the fall and at the end of summer, so as not to stimulate the active growth of new shoots, because they will freeze in the coming winter. Fertilizers are applied in order to increase the amount of the crop, as well as to increase the plant's defenses against pests and diseases. It is best to study the composition of the soil in order to know exactly and choose the composition of the fertilizers.

If there is no way to check the soil, then you can focus here on growth. If the plant has enough of all the nutrients, then the growth is more than 20 cm per year. If the tree is growing more slowly, then it needs fertilizer. In order for fruit trees to gain green mass and grow, as well as to enhance the process of photosynthesis, it is necessary to introduce nitrogen-containing preparations. But it should be controlled to prevent excess nitrogen, as it is also harmful to trees and as a result of which fruits may not form. In addition, fertilizers are applied with care to those trees that are grown next to lawns, since they absorb the necessary substances from fertilizers that are applied directly to the lawn.

In addition to nitrogen, it is necessary to add potassium-containing preparations and phosphorus-containing preparations, which have a positive effect on the roots and flowers of the tree. All fertilizers must be applied along the perimeter of the crown. The tree absorbs nutrients through the roots. That is why it is necessary to bring them not near the trunk, but a little further.Experienced gardeners use a complex composition of fertilizers that contains all the necessary trace elements and is distributed around the trunk along the perimeter of the crown. After that, you need to water the tree. Fertilizers are applied at the rate of 200 g per square meter. If the tree is still young, then 50 g per square meter will be enough.

Diseases and pests

The most dangerous of the diseases that a Parisian pear can get sick is a bacterial burn and scab. In addition, other ailments are also noted.

Bacterial burn usually occurs when bacteria begin to dominate. They usually spend the winter directly in the trees. A sign of the onset of the disease is a change in the color of leaves and flowers. They become like burnt. Hot, dry summers are a favorable factor. Basically, the disease affects the plant during its flowering period. Birds, insects and wind can carry the infection. The disease is difficult to treat and is very dangerous. Therefore, it is best to uproot and remove such trees. If the affected area is not very large, then it will be enough to treat the pear with Bordeaux liquid or a special solution of antibiotics. You need to repeat the procedure several times. All affected areas must be destroyed.

Scab can also negatively affect all parts of the tree. These are roots, flowers, buds and leaves. During illness, deformation of the fruit occurs. Excessive humidity is a favorable factor. A sign of the disease will be the appearance of dark spots on the leaves of the pear. Further, the spots pass to the fruits themselves, after which they change their color, darken. The rind begins to crack and the pears lose their appearance. It is necessary to treat the tree with fungicides to treat the disease. Bordeaux liquid also helps to cope with scab.

Fruit rot often affects a pear. The causative agent is a special mushroom. Signs of the disease are brown spots that begin to rot, and a white coating forms on top. The fruits are thus affected and hang in this form on the branches. In order to get rid of the disease, you must also use Bordeaux liquid.

Sooty fungus usually enters the tree through any wounds or cracks. The fungus lives around the tree, but at the same time it begins to infect the plant only when exposed to favorable factors. Signs of this disease are oily black spots on various parts of the trees. The preparation fitoverm will help to get rid of the disease.

Powdery mildew also a fairly popular disease among pears. The sign is white bloom on the leaves, and the causative agent is also a fungus. To get rid of the disease, it is necessary to treat the tree with a solution of soda ash.

Harvest storage

It was noted above that the fruits of the Parisian pear variety are usually harvested ahead of time, so that they retain their properties as long as possible, so here you should focus on the process of separating the fruits from the shoots. It is necessary to bend the fruit away from the branch - if the tail already breaks off by itself, then you can harvest.

In order for the crop to be stored as long as possible, it is necessary to keep it at a temperature of 0 degrees. At the same time, the pear will retain its external and internal characteristics, and will calmly transfer any distances. However, during transportation, care must be taken so that the pears are not squeezed and shaken too much. A damaged skin can give rise to rotting processes.

In addition, it was noted that the fruits of the Parisian pear should not be stored next to fruits such as kiwi or persimmons. It is best to keep the fruits in special boxes of the same size, shifting them with straw or other material that will firmly fix each fruit and prevent them from contacting each other.In addition, during long-term transportation, the boxes should be folded so that air circulates freely between them.

Conclusion

The Parisian pear is distinguished by its delicious and beautiful fruits. The tree has its own specific characteristics that must be taken into account when growing it on the site.