Spring gooseberry: description, reproduction, cultivation

Content:

The article presents the Yarovaya gooseberry: description and characteristics of the variety, rules for reproduction, planting, care, protection.

This culture has gained its popularity in Russia due to many indicators. These include a high degree of productivity, ripening time, the chemical composition of berries, a large varietal variety. The Yarovaya gooseberry is an early ripening variety. In addition to this plus, this gooseberry is distinguished by strong immunity, unpretentiousness in agricultural technology.

Spring gooseberry: description and full characteristics

Gooseberry Yarovaya: photo of the variety

The Yarovaya gooseberry variety was obtained thanks to breeders from Belarus. The Columbus gooseberry variety is a direct relative of the Yarovaya gooseberry. The Yarovaya gooseberry is a variety with yellow berries. The shrubs are medium in size, have a slightly spreading shape, the crown is quite neat, the branches are almost straight. In its length, the shoot can reach from one to one and a half meters. The branches grow straight, the number of thorns is average.

The thorns, as a rule, I am quite long, I am usually double, sometimes single, not too thick. This property of this variety makes it easier for gardeners to work on the shrub of such a gooseberry.

The berries of the Yarovaya gooseberry variety have a lemon yellow color, the skin of the fruit is thin, the taste is refreshing, most often sweet with a pleasant sourness in the aftertaste. The berries of this variety have a rounded or oblong shape, pubescence is almost absent, sometimes you can find separately growing hairs. By their size, the berries are adjacent, the weight is about three to four grams. The leaves of the Yarovaya gooseberry variety shine beautifully in the sun, have a dark green color, the leaf is serrated along the edges.

Spring gooseberry is self-fertile. He does not need pollinators. The fruits are set by pollination with pollen from their own flowers. However, when pollen from other gooseberry varieties gets in, the number of fruits increases dramatically.

This variety thrives on the territory of the North-West region, in Central Russia, as well as in the Volga region of Russia.

Gooseberry Yarovaya feels great in a temperate climate. This gooseberry is very well able to withstand low temperatures. In some parts of our country, it is not necessary to cover this gooseberry. However, if you grow gooseberries in Siberia, the Far East, Altai, then you will need shelter.

In the middle zone of our country, this gooseberry variety is able to withstand temperatures from -25 to -30 degrees. If these indicators are lower, then the rhizome of the bush may freeze slightly, this will negatively affect the future harvest. If you have not carefully prepared your plantings for winter time, then the root system can also freeze. This can happen when the temperature is too high in the fall, as well as when the soil moisture level is too high.

If it so happened that the Spring gooseberry froze, then the plant will be able to recover only after four to five years. An increase of 1 year is capable of freezing at minus 33 degrees. As for the rhizomes of young plants, they can freeze out at minus 4 degrees. The Yarovaya gooseberry variety thrives on the territory of central Russia.

The Yarovaya gooseberry variety can survive dry weather, as well as high temperatures, with dignity.At the same time, these gooseberries are quite picky about moisture, and with its shortcomings, the growth of the plant, I, as well as the number of fruits, decreases. The moisture level of the soil must be monitored especially closely during flowering until the fruit ripens.

If it is dry season, then the plant needs to be well watered, this measure will help to improve the yield by 20 - 25 percent. If you grow the Yarovaya gooseberry variety in the southern region of Russia, then it is imperative to carry out additional irrigation of the plants.

However, excess moisture can harm the rhizome of the shrub. Do not plant Yarovaya gooseberries in areas where groundwater is too close to the surface.

Spring gooseberry shows quite good harvest results, with one shrub you can get about 6 kg of berries. If growing conditions are favorable, then the shrubs can bear fruit for up to 20 years. The largest number of berries is formed on shoots that are from 3 to six years old. Gooseberries are quite demanding for a good level of illumination. If this crop grows in a shaded area, then the fruits may be too small, and the yield will be low. It should be noted that the growing season of this variety begins earlier than that of other berry bushes. The Yarovaya gooseberry variety begins to bear fruit in late June - early July. The fruits are able to hold on to the branches for a long time without crumbling to the ground. However, do not delay picking the fruit, as the amount of vitamins may decrease. If the berry calls back and stays in the sun for a long time, then the taste becomes expressionless and too watery.

It is recommended to store the fruits of the Yarovaya gooseberry variety in cool conditions. It can stay for 3 to 5 days, and berries can lie much longer in the refrigerator.
This gooseberry variety has a good level of transportability. If you are transporting berries for a long time, then it is better to use uncompleted berries for this purpose. It is best to use boxes with solid walls. Do not pour the fruits from one container to another, as this will noticeably reduce the quality of your harvest.

The fruits of the Yarovaya gooseberry variety in their chemical composition have many useful substances for the human body, including vitamin C. From the point of view of purpose, this variety is universal, the berries are good both fresh and processed. Delicious compote, jelly, various desserts are obtained from such gooseberries. Gooseberry fruits help to maintain the balance of cholesterol levels, and also have a beneficial effect on blood vessels. In addition, regular consumption of gooseberry fruit helps to remove harmful toxins and salts from the body. Gooseberry is useful for people who suffer from anemia, as well as hypertensive patients.

How to propagate the gooseberry variety Yarovaya correctly

How to propagate the gooseberry variety Yarovaya correctly

The Yarovaya gooseberry variety is propagated using seeds and vegetatively. The first method is good if you want to get a new gooseberry variety. The fact is that due to free cross-pollination, the variety does not produce uniform offspring. In order to preserve the characteristics of the variety, it is better to propagate the gooseberry using the growing season.
Seasonal gooseberries are propagated by experienced gardeners using seeds, as well as vegetatively. Seed propagation is suitable if you want to get a new variety. This is due to the fact that when cross-pollinated, it does not provide a uniform result. To preserve varietal characteristics, it is better to use the vegetation method.

We list the most common ways of breeding the Yarovaya gooseberry variety:

Using horizontal layering... For these purposes, it is best to choose powerful branches that have a good growth of annual shoots.It is necessary to propagate gooseberries in this way in the spring, when the soil is already warm enough, and the buds have not yet blossomed. The necessary gooseberry branches must be bent to the ground, fixed with a wire, there is no need to cover the layers. In the last days of April or the first days of May, shoots that are directed vertically begin to form on such layers. They must be covered with soil and covered with soil. In autumn, when the root system begins to form in the cuttings, the branches must be separated from the main shrub. They need to be divided according to the number of rhizomes, then greenhouse conditions should be planted for subsequent planting in a permanent place.
Using vertical layering. In autumn or early spring, it is necessary to cut the branches by 1/3 of the length. In the spring, shoots will begin to appear from the roots. When their height reaches 15 cm, they must be covered with fertile soil. In the fall, shoots that have taken root should be cut off at the base. After that, they can be planted in a new place. Experienced gardeners use this method mainly to transfer the plant to another place.
By dividing the bush. This procedure is usually carried out in the fall, after the foliage has fallen. The spring period is also suitable, before the buds begin to bloom. Aged shrubs need to be dug up so that the parts have their roots, as well as a few young stems. Branches that are already of advanced age are not suitable for these purposes.
With the help of lignified cuttings. To do this, a cut of a gooseberry of this variety must be cut and placed in the sand, then kept at a temperature of 2 - 3 degrees for one and a half to two months. After that, it is necessary to fill them up with sawdust, as well as leave them under the snow until the onset of spring. When spring comes, the cuttings are planted in greenhouse conditions so that the root system appears.
Using green cuttings. For these purposes, use young stems about twenty centimeters long. They must be cut in the morning or evening. This is due to the fact that it is during these periods that the stems of the bush have the maximum amount of necessary substances that are necessary for better rooting. Such stems are divided into parts with one and two internodes. The total length should be about eight to ten centimeters. Plant the cuttings early in the morning, and after the roots appear, fertilize is necessary. Also during this period it is necessary to loosen the soil and treat it from harmful insects and diseases. In the autumn, cuttings that have taken root must be dug up and planted in greenhouse conditions for further cultivation. This method of shrub propagation helps young plants become healthier, and all the main varietal characteristics remain unchanged.

Gooseberry Spring: planting varieties

Before planting the Yarovaya gooseberry, you need to carefully choose a place for planting. The site must be well lit. If you do not comply with this condition, then the harvest is unlikely to please you, and the amount of sugars in the fruits will drop dramatically. Many experienced gardeners place shrubs along fences and fences. This way, your plants will be protected from winds and bad weather conditions. As for the acidity of the soil, the best option for gooseberries would be a neutral reaction or slightly acidic. To prevent moisture from stagnating on your site during the period of prolonged rains, you need to make a good drainage system.

It is best to plant Yarovaya gooseberries in the fall, before cold temperatures come. It is allowed to plant gooseberries in the spring, but this period is very short: between the period when the snow melts and before the start of sap flow.

To plant the Yarovaya gooseberry variety, it is necessary to make holes twice the volume of the root system.The layer of fertile soil, which is on top, must be removed and mixed with manure, which must be rotted. Potassium sulfate and superphosphate are sometimes added to the same pit. The branches of young plants need to be cut off by one third of their length, then planted in pits, deepening by five to eight centimeters. A certain distance must be maintained between plants, at least one meter to one and a half meters. The row spacing should be between 2 and 2.5 m.

If the plantings of the Yarovaya gooseberry variety are located too close to each other, then there is a risk that the yield will decrease. For this reason, you need to thin out your plants on time.

After you have planted young plants in the ground, a number of conditions must be observed in order to get a decent harvest.

Variety Care Secrets

Here are the main steps for caring for the Yarovaya gooseberry variety:

Watering. The Yarovaya gooseberry variety can withstand fairly dry weather. But if you want to get a good harvest, then you need to water the plants regularly throughout the growing season. In late July to early August, buds form. During this period, you need to water once or twice every seven days. One bucket is usually consumed per adult plant. When watering, make sure that no water gets on the leaves of the plant. If the weather is sunny, then there is a risk that the leaves will be burned. And in cloudy weather, moisture on the leaves can provoke the appearance of various diseases.
Fertilizers. Usually this procedure is done a couple of times a year: in the spring and at planting. During planting, organic matter must be added to the soil. For this, humus or horse humus is well suited. Nitrogen-based fertilizers are also good in this regard. In the summer, you can feed the plantings with mineral fertilizers. This mixture is well suited for this: double superphosphate (seventy grams) + wood ash (one hundred grams) + potassium sulfate (thirty grams).
Pruning... If this procedure is carried out correctly, then the berries increase in size, in addition to this, the yield level increases. This procedure is carried out during the beginning of spring, before the buds appear. Late autumn is also suitable, before the onset of frost. The branches must be cut at the very base. You need to be careful, as the rhizomes of the shrub are located close enough to the surface of the earth. At first, you need to rejuvenate the branches that are more than one year old. They are cut in half. This will be the foundation of your plant.
After the Yarovaya gooseberry variety turns three years old, it is necessary thin out bushes... Those branches that are weakened, dried out, aged, as well as shoots that grow in the wrong direction, must be removed entirely. If you see that the shoots along with the fruits are inclined too low to the ground, they also need to be harvested. Every year it is necessary to carry out anti-aging pruning of shrubs, while removing the most aged stems. If the crown is formed correctly, then there should be fifteen to twenty stems. Approximately two to three different years.
Rodent protection. So that the rodents do not annoy your plantings, in the autumn time you need to dig up the soil in the zone of the near-trunk circles, as well as between the rows. Thus, the mouse holes will be destroyed. At the same time, it is necessary to select a layer of soil from the base of the shrubs, then tie the lower part of the plant from the root collar to the first shoots. For this, experienced gardeners often use spruce branches, while the needles of the branches must be directed downward. This measure will scare off pests well. For the same purposes, you can use sedge or reeds. After the plant has been tied, the area of the trunk circle must be covered with soil again. For mice, straw is an attractive material, for this reason it is better not to use it. In the springtime, this protection must be removed.In winter, the snow cover that has formed near the bushes must be tamped. This will help prevent rodents from getting into the bushes.
Preparing for the winter period... Until the first frosts come, planting must be prepared for winter. To this end, gardeners remove fallen leaves, weed the area from weeds, remove aged and deformed shoots. Also, the soil must be loosened, a mulching layer must be laid, and the necessary dressing must be made. For these purposes, you can use compost, potassium phosphate, and wood ash. Spring gooseberry tolerates low temperatures well enough, for this reason, covering material is not required for winter.

About pests and diseases of the variety

Many berry bushes are attacked by various harmful insects and diseases. The Yarovaya gooseberry variety is no exception. Most often, the following insects harm this gooseberry variety:

Gooseberry moth. This pest is a butterfly that resembles a moth in its appearance. This insect is capable of laying up to two hundred eggs. Caterpillars of light green color emerge from them. They damage and destroy the inside of the fruit, as well as the seeds.

Glass-maker... This is a small butterfly, which lays its eggs near the buds of young stems in the cracks formed. Caterpillars hatch from them, they bite into the stems of the plant, as well as into the buds. Over time, they begin to fade and die.

Yellow sawfly. It is a small butterfly that lays its eggs while the gooseberry blooms. Such larvae cause severe damage to plant foliage. As a result, the plants are deformed, and the crop dies.

Common spider mite. This insect is less than one centimeter in size. It is located, as a rule, on the leaves, from their lower side. Spots appear on them, then they acquire a yellow color, deform, dry and fall off.

Gooseberry aphid. This insect feeds on plant sap, harms the leaf petioles, as well as the upper part of young stems. After that, the leaves begin to curl and fall off. In this case, the shoots stop growing and acquire a curved shape.

To overcome harmful insects on gooseberry plantings, it is necessary to use the following drugs: Bordeaux mixture (1 - 3 percent solution), copper sulfate (3 percent solution), wood ash.

About diseases

With the help of the same preparations, the soil around the plants is treated, this prevents the spread of infectious diseases. The main ones are:

Spheroteka. This powdery mildew is of American origin. It is of fungal origin, it affects the entire shrub. First, a bloom of white powdery texture appears, and then the bloom becomes dense. At the same time, the foliage dries up and falls. The berries begin to crack.
Septoria. In another way, this disease is called white spot of foliage. At first, it becomes brown, then it turns white. Leaves begin to fall off en masse, while the quality of the berries and their quantity drops dramatically.
Anthracnose. This fungal disease usually occurs where the climate is too humid. Dark spots are formed on the underside of the leaves. At first they are small, over time they form a single large spot. This gooseberry disease can completely strip shrubs, the stems may die, and the yield may become too low.

The Yarovaya gooseberry variety is almost never affected by viral diseases. However, sometimes yellowish stripes can be found along the veins of the foliage. At the same time, the foliage acquires a wrinkled character and becomes deformed. If the plant is too severely affected by this disease, then growth stops, and the fruits become much smaller.If you take the necessary measures against a particular disease or pest in time, you can get rid of these problems. And in order not to encounter them at all, it is imperative to carry out preventive measures.

Gooseberry Yarovaya: video about the variety

Gooseberry Yarovaya: reviews of gardeners

Gooseberry Yarovaya: a description of the pros and cons