Grafting fruit trees for beginners

What is grafting of fruit trees for?

Grafting of fruit trees, as we already know, is a universal way of obtaining new varieties of certain crops, helps to save space on the site, and increases the variety of crops.

Grafting fruit trees: basic methods

But how many people know that there are several ways of vaccination? Perhaps one of them will appeal to you? Let's figure this out in order.

Budding one kidney

The first thing to note should be such a vaccination method as budding... It is the most common and effective, it is an inoculation with an eye, for which only one kidney is enough, which has reached sufficient development and has formed.

The method is distinguished by its speed and simplicity of execution, as well as a high level of graft survival, it is for these advantages that many summer residents appreciate it. But the most important thing is that just one developed kidney, with competent budding, can contribute to the emergence of a new culture.

At the same time, the overwhelming number of properties of the original variety, to which the used kidney belongs, is preserved.

The budding process is carried out in several successive stages, the first of which is nothing more than cutting off the flap together with the peephole from an annual shoot belonging to the scion variety of a particular fruit crop.

Then, already on the rootstock, a T-shaped incision should be made and the bark should be folded over the entire length of the incision made. Subsequently, the flap must be placed in the incision, observing the placement of the kidney - it should be in relation to the edges of the cortex symmetrically to the incision made longitudinally.

The place where the budding was carried out must be tied with a polyethylene tape in the conclusion, while not covering the kidney with it. That's all! Now you know exactly how to make budding.

It seems at first that it is difficult, but after practicing several times and filling your hand, you will certainly love this method for its effectiveness in the future.

Budgeting in the butt

Another way, no less popular to use, is inoculation with a shield with a kidney butt.

His list of advantages over the above-described method of budding consists in an even greater ease of execution, with which even inexperienced gardeners can cope; uncritical terms in which this operation can be performed - if you are a little late, nothing terrible should happen; the possibility of grafting even if the bark does not lend itself well to separation from the cambium at the rootstock site, it is also possible to do this on those rootstocks that have already dried up and are characterized by a poor level of sap flow.

Also, this method is characterized by a decrease in the risk of overgrowing or swelling of the eye during the period when the grafting begins to take root - this problem is especially characteristic for some plants to which the budding method was applied by performing a T-shaped incision.

In the conclusion of the list, the fact of the possibility of grafting even on the thinnest rootstocks, on which it is physically impossible to perform complex cuts, should be highlighted.

How to vaccinate with a shield in an application: an algorithm of actions

How exactly to vaccinate with a shield in the butt? Let's consider the general algorithm of the operation in stages, you should not neglect each of the points below, the main thing is not to rush.

So, first of all, you need to make a simple cut across the rootstock, a small level of deepening is allowed at an angle of about 20 degrees. At a distance of 3 centimeters above the cut made, cut in the direction of the first one from top to bottom, and also subsequently remove the resulting chips.

The next step is to cut the flap in the same way from the scion cuttings, followed by placing it in a recess located on the rootstock. The final stage of the whole action is the strapping at the inoculation site, here it is not very different from the first method of budding, used by means of a T-shaped incision.

In order for the shield not to have time to dry out, which can subsequently complicate the survival of the plant and the effectiveness of grafting, the strapping must be done quickly and efficiently - this applies to any of the two proposed methods.

The polyethylene tape used most often for strapping should be at least 1.5 centimeters wide. As a rule, the whole process should be performed from top to bottom in successive loops one after another.

Do not in any way touch the open kidney - skip it, continuing the strapping process, which should be completed below the end of the incision made. It is best to secure the end of the tape under the very last turn for greater security.

If the garter is done correctly, then this should ensure the closest possible contact between the rootstock and the shield, which is the key to better graft survival. However, do not overtighten the tape in order to avoid mechanical damage and breaking off parts of the tree - be especially careful.

Vaccination, no matter how it is performed, requires careful handling and knowledge of all the nuances from the summer resident - if they have already taken up this matter, bring it to the end without making typical mistakes.

If you do everything right, take a strong and high-quality tape, make a neat incision and work with your hands - the grafting will surely take root in the chosen plant and will certainly contribute to a varied harvest for the next year. Go ahead and try!