Apple tree "Borovinka"

Apple tree "Borovinka" is an old domestic variety, which was bred by the people, and it is also successfully cultivated in different countries. In different territories and countries, the variety acquired different names, for example, "Duchess of Oldenburg", "Kharlamovka", "Bravina", "Kharlamovskoe", "Borovitskaya".

The names of one apple variety are completely different from each other, the culture is registered in the state register as "Borovinka".

Apple tree "Borovinka" - description and characteristics

The plant has an autumn ripening period, however, the period depends on the planting area, and can be different: for the south - from the last summer days, for the north - from the last September-first October days.

The tree grows up to five meters, the crown is six meters wide. Olive bark, smooth branches are rare, directed vertically at an angle of thirty to forty degrees. Leaves in the form of an oval, pointed at the ends, dark green in color. The inflorescence is umbrella-shaped, medium-sized, white or slightly white-pink in color.

The apples are round, smooth, medium-sized, weighing about ninety grams. The inner content of the fruit is juicy, grain-like, the peel is smooth, the color of apples depends on the species, but the initial color is light green with pink stains.

The fruits do not have sweetness, they are sour, but still they are good to eat fresh, in addition, apples can be processed in different ways.

Apple tree "Borovinka": features of the variety

• External characteristic.

A tree of medium height, as a rule, reaches a height of four to four and a half meters. The crown is rounded, its diameter is five meters. The main branches are located infrequently, at an angle of forty degrees to the trunk, have knees, medium thickness, dark brown in color.

Leaves in the form of an oval, pointed ends, dark green in color with a tone of graphite, there are small depressions the size of a pea.

• Tasting evaluation.

Taste qualities are good, sweet and sour, the tasting score of professional gardeners is 4.05 points out of 5 points.

Apples contain: dry matter (15.3-16.3%), sugar (9.9-11.5%), and are also rich in titratable acids (0.62-0.87%) ascorbic acid (8.2-15.3 mg per hundred grams).

• Resistant to the winter season.

The variety has a high resistance to low temperature conditions in comparison with other apple varieties. Due to its resistance to frost, the variety is cultivated throughout Russia.

• Pollination.

The variety does not have self-fertility, in this regard, it needs helpers for pollination, their role is suitable: "Antonovka ordinary" and "Cinnamon striped".

Immunity to scab and other diseases.

The cultivar can be severely infecting scab. There is moderate resistance to other diseases.

• Pollination varieties.

As mentioned above, "Borovinka" is self-sterile, therefore, in order to increase the yield, it is recommended to plant the following varieties for pollination: "Antonovka", "Anis", "Cinnamon striped", "Papirovka", "Astrakhan red", " Astrakhan White ".

• Rootstocks.

In breeding centers and nurseries, different rootstocks are used to spread apple varieties.For the Borovinka variety the following are used: forest apple - the most used stock for all apple varieties; Eastern apple tree (Caucasian) - used to regionalize varieties in the south of Russia; berry apple tree (garden Siberian) - used for Siberian and Far Eastern regions, a stock that has high resistance to the winter season.

Rootstocks of the Zolotaya Kitayka variety are not compatible with the Borovinka scion.

Apple tree "Borovinka": reviews

The Borovinka apple tree has been successfully cultivated for many decades in Russia and abroad, so there are a huge number of reviews. They differ in content and value. Below are some reviews.

Aleksey, Kostroma region: “Several years ago I laid a garden plot on the dacha territory. I planted various apple varieties, and Borovinka too. The first fruits were harvested that year. The fruits are slightly sour, but the kids ate with pleasure. Prepared compotes, squeezed out the juice. If the fruiting does not change, then I will be very pleased with it. "

Galina, Tver: “The Borovinka variety has been growing in our garden for a long time, giving generous harvests. Due to the severity, we put supports under the branches, otherwise they can break. The fruits are preserved until the New Year, we constantly let them be processed, squeeze juice, prepare compotes, and pickled apples are also good. "

Petr Nikolaevich, Orenburg: “The fruits are not so tasty, of course, they sour, but the apple tree gives big yields, fruiting has been going on for several years regularly and continuously. Cooking jam and compotes. "

Vyacheslav, Moscow region: “I liked the" Borovinka "apple variety, the tree is undemanding, it does not need to be taken care of and taken care of. Fruiting is regular and abundant, if all the apple trees also gave fruit, then I would open my own establishment and sell apples. I recommend everyone to land at their summer cottage. "

Apple tree "Borovinka": planting and care

• Planting.

This variety is planted by seed and seedlings. Apple trees that are planted by seed are used as a rootstock for cultivation in the future, this planting method is undesirable.

It is recommended to plant seedlings in the spring and autumn seasons, in two years. In the spring season, the tree is planted before the buds bloom, in the autumn, before the cold snap sets in.

This crop prefers to grow in a sunlit area, however, it can grow well in a small shade. The apple tree soil loves moist, fertile, with weak acidity.

A hole is prepared for planting, if you want to plant an apple tree in the spring season, then the hole is prepared in the autumn season, for autumn planting it is better to prepare a hole 3-4 weeks before planting. The depth of the hole is sixty to seventy cm, the diameter is one hundred cm.

If the soil is depleted in nutrients, then fertilizer is applied to it; in this case, manure, peat, wood ash and a complex mixture are suitable. Drainage is laid at the bottom of the pit (thickness - up to fifteen cm).

When planting, carefully monitor the depth of the planting material, the root collar should exceed the surface soil layer by thirty cm.

In order for the seedling to be stable, it is advisable to drive in a stake, a young plant is tied to it in the future. After planting, the plant is abundantly watered.

• Agrotechnical techniques.

Apple tree "Borovinka" negatively responds to dry time, it has a bad effect on the number and quality of the fruit. Therefore, in a drought, it is required to water the apple trees, depending on the weather.

In the heat, if additional watering is necessary, and during prolonged rainy periods, the soil must be loosened at the tree trunk circle.

In addition, it is necessary to mulch the soil in the near-trunk circle, this will protect it from drying out and the growth of weeds.

Places of fresh cuts from branches broken and cut out during cutting should be treated with garden pitch, in the autumn season, whitewashing of trunks, digging of near-trunk circles, at the same time adding compost, organic and mineral fertilizers.

• The procedure for cutting and shaping the crown.

When planting a seedling, it is pruned by one third of its length, thanks to this, the crown of a young tree will begin to form.

It is required to prune the tree every year in the spring and autumn seasons. In the autumn season, damaged shoots are cut off after harvesting the fruits, and in the spring, the apple tree is cut before the buds bloom.

To form a crown, several stronger shoots (three to five) are taken that do not interfere with each other, then they are slightly shortened. The remaining branches are cut off. In the future, every year the crown is thinned out, the weak, curved branches growing inside the crown are cut off.

It is not necessary to cut off many shoots in one procedure, this will have a bad effect on the growth and development of the apple tree.

It is recommended to cut off no more than twenty-five percent of the total number of shoots.

Ripening and fruiting

Fruiting of the Borovinka variety begins in the fourth year of growth, the productivity is abundant and long-lasting.

Fruit ripening occurs in the last summer days (August) - in the south of Russia.

In all regions, except for the southern ones - a little later, on September days.

The fruits can be kept fresh for a long time, if you create good conditions, then they can last until the second or third winter month.

For longer storage of apples, it is worth keeping them in temperature conditions plus one degree and with a humidity of ninety-five percent, the fruits are stacked in rows in a container, the rows are sprinkled with sawdust. With this method, the fruits will be kept fresh until the spring season.

• Yield indicator.

The Borovinka apple tree bears fruit abundantly every year. The average yield is one hundred kg, a record number - two hundred and twenty kg from one apple tree.

Apple tree "Borovinka": varieties

• Red.

The ripening period of the variety is average, the fruits are covered with a blush of red color. The variety differs in that it is resistant to frost and does not suffer from diseases. Apples weigh up to one hundred grams.

• Altai.

The tree is of medium height, the crown is in the form of a pyramid. The fruits are round, slightly flattened, weigh up to ninety-five grams, light yellow in color, there are red stripes. The inner contents are loose, juicy, sweet-sour, aromatic. Yield and winter resistance are average.

• Pineapple.

A variety of winter ripening period. Apples are sweeter, they can be stored for a long time. The taste is pleasant, sweet and sour, the fruits weigh up to one hundred and twenty grams. Does not get scab.

• Creeping.

"Borovinka" is also grown in creeping form. To this end, the seedling is positioned at an angle close to the surface soil layer or cut at the ground level, where development takes place. The branches are bent to the soil, a form without a stem is created, thanks to this, you can cover the apple tree for wintering and get more heat in the summer.

You should take care of it like this: cut out branches that do not bear fruit, protect from sun burns, cover for the winter.

• Speckled.

This is one of the names of "Borovinka".

• Akulovskaya.

This variety is more widespread in the Volga region and on the Don, it is not so resistant to frost, it is often affected by powdery mildew. The ripening period of the variety is average. Apples weigh ninety grams, green color, blush is negligible.

Cultivation in different territories

• Ural region.

Borovinka was brought to the Ural region in the 50s of the twentieth century to provide residents with good local apples.

At first, it was assumed that the variety would be grown in the form of stanza, but with zoning and adaptation, the plant began to be cultivated in the standard form.

More widespread nowadays is the Borovinka red variety, which has a high level of resistance to winter.

• Siberian region.

Everyone knows Siberia as a cold and frosty area, in this regard, gardeners try to protect their apple trees from the negative effects of cold and frost. When cultivating this variety, professional gardeners are advised to use the form of cultivation in the form of stanza.

If growing in the usual way, cover the apple trees with protective material for the winter to maintain a warm temperature.

• Republic of Belarus.

The climate of Belarus is favorable for the cultivation of fruit vegetation, including apple trees. Borovinka is no exception. There are no special conditions for the cultivation of this variety in this territory; only the main rules of planting and care must be observed.

Summary

Apple tree "Borovinka" is a real find for a novice gardener, as well as for professionals from the field of gardening. Using this variety, you can: learn to self-graft an apple tree, "Borovinka" will be used as a scion; try to shape the tree in different ways; learn how to care for this type of fruit vegetation; at the same time receiving a generous yield of healthy and pleasant-tasting apples, which can be eaten fresh for a long time or put for processing and enjoy using juices and compotes, eating preserves and jams.