Dachnaya apple-tree

The Dachnaya apple tree is a type of apple tree that bears a high yield, while the apples are sweet and tasty, the harvest appears early, and the apple tree requires a minimum of maintenance. The Dachnaya apple variety is an excellent variety that should be planted by every summer resident in his or her garden plot.

History of creation

Apple tree Dachnaya: photo of the variety

The Dachnaya apple variety was obtained thanks to the crossing of two hybrids, one of which was artificially bred. After its creation, it was registered on the territory of the Urals, namely the gardening and breeding station of Sverdlovsk. The author of this work is Leonid Andrianovich Kotov, who conducted all the experiments and crosses.

Due to the fact that the hybrids were pollinated with the pollen of fruit-bearing hybrids, the variety turned out to be high-yielding and spread in a short period of time. At the same time, the spread of the variety took place not only in the Urals, but also in other regions.

Apple tree Dachnaya: description of the variety and characteristics

The apple tree variety Dachnaya is of average height, about 2.8-4 meters. At the age of 2-3 years, the shape of the crown resembles a pyramid with a very wide base, but as it grows, the shape changes and becomes oval, while the width remains the same. This change occurs because the direction of the branches changes with age. At a young age, the branches are directed upwards, and with age they drop slightly, becoming much more flexible. The bark of the tree is brown-gray in color.

The shoot of the Dachnaya apple tree is smooth, without bends, medium length, burgundy color. The leaves are very elongated, light green in color, on the one hand there is a dullness, and on the other, shine. The petioles of the foliage are medium in size.

• Features of the fruit

The fruits of the Dachnaya apple variety are small in size, the weight of one fruit is about 120 grams. In shape, the apple is of the correct shape, rounded, with a slightly elongated top. The skin is ribbed, thin, but dense, therefore protects the pulp. On the surface of the whole apple, there is a plaque with = golden tint. It is a natural wax that protects the apple from damage and insects. The color of the fruits is monochromatic, yellow. No red blush is observed. It can rarely be found only if the weather is very hot throughout, then one of the sides of the apple will turn a little pink. On the apple, red dots are very noticeable, which add color to the fruit.

Apple tree Dachnaya: features of the variety

• Dimensions of the tree.

The apple variety Dachnaya is medium in size, therefore, the maximum height is considered 4 meters.

Note: A gardener can form a tree of 3 meters without losing yield.

• How fast does a tree grow?

The Dachnaya apple tree is growing rapidly, so about 40 centimeters are added annually. The apple tree grows upward, tending to lengthen. With age, the growth decreases, and then stops altogether, so the crown will begin to expand.

• The regularity of fruiting.

The amount of harvest is regular, the apple tree brings about the same harvest annually.

Note: The Dachnaya apple tree can bring a small crop only if it has not been looked after, has not been fertilized and has not been pruned.

• The amount of the crop.

The tree yield level 0 is high, on average a young apple tree yields 25-28 kilograms. The yield increases and stabilizes every year. Usually the harvest reaches 50-60 kilograms and stops at this figure.

• The taste of apples.

The Dachnaya apple variety is appreciated for its taste.The pulp of the fruit is soft, tender, slightly loose, pinkish in color. The taste is dominated by sweetness, which is in harmony with a slight sourness. Tasters evaluate the taste of this variety 8.6 points out of 10 points.

• Resistant to frost.

The Dachnaya apple tree is great for cold and frosty conditions, it feels comfortable in such conditions. The apple tree can withstand up to -30 degrees. If the temperature reaches a temperature lower than -30, then it is necessary to cover the tree using earth or peat.

Disease resistance

Apple tree Dachnaya: photo of the variety

The Dachnaya apple variety is highly resistant to fungal diseases. To protect the tree from other diseases and pests, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatments with various substances. Fungicides are often used.

Apple tree Dachnaya: planting varieties

• Landing time.

In order for the tree to take root well, the gardener must choose the right place, time for planting, and also provide the necessary care for the apple tree.

Planting the Dachnaya apple tree variety can take place in the spring or in the autumn, this choice is made by the gardener on his own. If the planting will take place in the spring, then you need to focus on the end of April or the beginning of May. And if you decide to plant in the fall, then you need to focus on the end of September or the beginning of October.

To plant this apple tree, you must maintain the distance between trees and rows. A distance of 5 meters must be kept between trees, and 4 meters can be left between the rows.

• Choosing a landing site.

To make the Dachnaya apple tree feel comfortable, you need to choose the right site for planting. He must meet all the criteria. The first criterion is the location of the groundwater table. There should be no ground water near the planting site, as this variety will begin to rot with excess moisture. Rotting of the root system can lead to the death of the tree. When choosing a location, it is best to pay attention to the elevated areas of the garden. The second criterion is good illumination, as well as a large space around the apple tree. The apple tree Dachnaya loves good lighting, since light directly affects the growth, development and functioning of the tree. The third criterion when choosing a location is the absence of winds and drafts. The place should be located near some kind of obstacles that will not allow drafts and strong winds to pass through. Strong winds can cause the tree to break or get sick.

• Preparing for landing.

Before planting an apple tree of the Dachnaya variety, you need to prepare a hole, as well as a seedling. The preparation of the pit consists in the usual filling of it with fertilizer and various dressings. In a few weeks, it is necessary to dig a hole and apply top dressing, which will fill the soil with the necessary substances. Organic fertilizers in the form of manure, compost or wood ash, as well as mineral fertilizers can be used as top dressing. Everything else is done directly at the time of landing.

• Landing algorithm.

1. A drainage system must be installed in the prepared pit. Drainage can be pebbles, broken brick or expanded clay.
2. Then the drainage system should be backfilled with soil with mixed complex fertilizer
3. Place the root system of the seedling over the entire hole and spread gently.
4. Next to the seedling, you need to carefully drive in a small-diameter table that will serve as a support.
5. Cover everything with soil, compacting well.
6. The loan must be watered and mulched so that the heat is retained in the ground.

Apple tree Dachnaya: variety care

Apple tree Dachnaya: photo of the variety

• Loosening.

For good functioning, loosening is necessary, due to which oxygen enters the root system.

• Fertilization.

Top dressing should be applied 3-4 times a year. The first top dressing is applied in the spring after flowering has begun. The next application is carried out after picking the apples.During the summer time, 2 complex dressings are introduced.

Note: In sunny weather, it is necessary to process the stem, protecting it from sunburn. Treatment can be carried out with whitewash or a protective agent.

Note: After the leaves or fruits have fallen, they must be removed immediately.

• Weeding.

The area around the trunk should be free of weeds and debris.

• Pruning.

Pruning of the Dachnaya apple tree variety is carried out in order to give the crown the desired shape, as well as to clear the tree of unnecessary parts. If the tree is not pruned, it will become lethargic, bloom slowly, and also bear fruit late. Which will not have time to ripen. Therefore, pruning is a rather important step in caring for an apple tree.

Pruning is divided into several types: sanitary, anti-aging, shaping, all are not very different from each other.

In the process of formative pruning, the tree is given the desired shape. With this pruning, branches, shoots are removed, and a trunk is also formed. Such pruning can only be carried out until the buds begin to bloom.

Sanitary pruning can be done several times per season. With this pruning, sluggish branches, shoots, and diseased parts of the plant are removed. It helps to speed up the functioning of the tree systems.

Rejuvenating pruning makes the tree easier to carry by cutting off excess branches. Parts of the trunk and main branches can be involved in pruning.

• Pollinating neighbors of the Dachnaya apple tree

The Dachnaya apple tree belongs to the barren ones, so it needs pollinators who will fertilize the flowers. Other varieties of apple trees that are planted nearby become such pollinators. In this case, you should pay attention to the flowering time, they must coincide.

• Ripening period.

Since a hybrid of artificial origin was involved in crossing, the variety quickly yields. Harvesting takes place in July or early August, depending on the climate in which the tree grows. After picking, apples can be stored for a short time, about 28-33 days. Therefore, it is recommended to prepare various preparations from fruits, such as preserves, jams, purees or juices. Can be used in baked goods or frozen, in this form they can be stored for a long time. The first harvest can be expected 3-4 years after planting.

Apple tree Dachnaya: reviews of gardeners

Apple tree Dachnaya: photo of the variety

• Kristina Valerievna, Samara region: “I believe that the Dachnaya apple variety has a lot of positive qualities. For example: resistance to frost, the first fruiting occurs early, resistance to fungal diseases is increased. It is a pleasure to grow such a variety, it is not at all difficult, therefore I strongly recommend it to grow "
• Olesya Vasilievna, Moscow region: “And the Dachnaya apple tree disappointed me a little. When I was planting and caring for this tree, I was happy with everything. But the fruits of the Dachnaya apple tree are not very tasty: they are loose and too soft. "

Conclusion

The apple tree Dachnaya is the best variety among the summer varieties, it is of medium height, therefore it takes up little space on the site. He only needs basic care. The fruits ripen early, and the tree also bears a large harvest.