Apple-tree Minusinskoe dessert

Apple-tree Minusinskoe dessert is a Siberian hybrid with summer fruit ripening, ubiquitous in the east of Siberia. This article will focus on the main characteristics of the Minusinsk dessert apple tree, its strengths and weaknesses.

Origin of the variety

The homeland of the Minusinskoe dessert apple tree is the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Here, in Minusinsk, at the local experimental station of gardening and melon growing in the 50s of the XX century, the crossing of the old variety “Belfleur-Kitayka” with “Ranetka Purpurova” was carried out. The merit of breeding a new hybrid of the apple tree belongs to the scientists-breeders Shevchenko V.A. and Shevchenko V.I. In the late 1980s, Minusinskoe Dessertnoe was included in the State Register of Fruit Crops.

Apple-tree Minusinskoe dessert: description and characteristics

Apple-tree Minusinskoe dessert: photo of red variety

Apple trees of the Minusinskoe dessert variety have an average height and can reach a height of about 3 m. They are characterized by fast growth rates, the presence of a dense crown with a rounded shape. Skeletal branches do not have bends and depart from the trunk almost perpendicularly, while being located rather compactly. The tops of branches and shoots are oriented vertically. The stem and branches of apple trees of the Minusinskoe dessert variety are covered with peeling bark, which has a gray color. Fruiting is concentrated on simple annulus, fruit twigs and spears. Minusinskoe dessert apple trees are characterized by the formation of a crown in two tiers, quite often they are grown in standard form.

The brown shoots of the Minusinskoe Dessertnoe apple tree, like the branches, do not have bends, they are characterized by a rounded cross section and the presence of an edge along the entire length. Their surface is covered with a few tiny lenticels. Quite large buds have a close adhesion to the surface of the shoots and a noticeable edge. Small ovoid leaves with slightly pointed tops are colored green with a bluish tinge. On their smooth surface without shine, a network of thin veins is noticeable.

The leaf plate is usually concave and has a bend in the upper part; it is also covered by the edge. The edges of the leaves have small-crested type notches. The foliage is attached to the shoots by means of medium-sized pubescent petioles surrounded by small elongated stipules.

During the flowering period, the branches of apple trees of the Minusinskoe dessert variety are covered with small fragrant cream-colored flowers that have the shape of a deep bowl. They consist of oval petals, a column of short pistils and anthers located just below the level of the anthers.

Apples of the Minusinskoe dessert variety are small in size, their maximum weight is 28 g with an average weight of 20 g. They are characterized by one-dimensionality, the presence of a smooth glossy skin with a slightly noticeable dusting. The fruits of Minusinsky Dessertny have the same color both in the phase of removable maturity and in the phase of consumer maturity. The main color is yellow with a golden tint, the integumentary is represented by a not too bright orange tan of indistinct outlines. This apple variety is characterized by a small number of small subcutaneous dots, which are not too noticeable due to the gray color. The fruits are attached to the branches with straight and thick stalks of medium length.

The shallow funnel has the shape of a blunt cone, there is no rusting on it.The apples of this variety are characterized by the absence of a saucer and the presence of an open non-falling calyx, a heart of a regular shape, a short cupped subacheal tube, and open seed chambers of medium size. They are filled with medium-sized, egg-shaped seeds and light brown in color. The appearance of Minusinsky Dessertniy apples was highly rated 4.5 out of 5 possible points.

The cream-colored fibrous part of the fruit of the Minusinskoe Dessertnoye variety has an average density and a fine-grained consistency. It is rich in juice, smells good and has a sweet dessert taste with a slight sourness. For their taste, apples of this variety were rated 4.7 out of 5 points. The chemical composition of apple pulp includes a lot of sugar (over 14%), acid (0.74%), vitamin C (over 21 mg per 100 g). Fruits of the Minusinskoe Dessertnoe variety are classified as universal and can be eaten dry, or used as raw material for the production of canned food, preserves, and jams.

Apple-tree Minusinskoe dessert: features of the variety

Red apple Minusinskoe dessert refers to early-growing varieties and begins to bear fruit in 2-3 years after planting a two-year-old seedling in open ground. Due to self-fertility, the variety needs the presence of pollinating trees on the site. The best option would be pollination with "Ermolaev's Ranetka", "Tubinsky" or "Zaprotochny".

Apple trees of the Minusinskoe dessert variety do not immediately bring a rich harvest, gradually increasing its volume from year to year. On average, about 16 kg of apples are harvested from one apple tree at the age of 10 years, from 1 hectare - about 11 tons. The maximum yield is about 17 tons of apples per hectare. The Minusinskoe dessert apple variety is characterized by an average degree of periodicity of harvests.

Ripe fruits of the Minusinskoe dessert apple variety can remain on the branches for a long time, no more than 1/5 of their total amount falls off. You can pick apples of this variety in mid-August. They tolerate transportation well, but they have a short shelf life - no more than 21 days.

Apple-tree Minusinskoe dessert: care

Apple trees of the Minusinskoe dessert red variety are propagated by the method of budding and grafting, while the "Ranetka purple" is used as a stock. When planting seedlings in open ground, it is recommended to follow the 3 m by 5 m scheme. Minusinskoe Dessertnoe loves abundant watering and reacts positively to top dressing. One of the procedures recommended for this variety of apple trees is pruning the central conductor in order to reduce the level of skeletal branches that form the crown. Pruning is done on mature trees.

Apple-tree Minusinskoe dessert: advantages and disadvantages

In addition to the high taste and attractive appearance of the fruit, the Minusinskoe dessert variety has other positive qualities. These include its early maturity and early ripening of apples. Also "Minusinskoe Dessertnoe" demonstrates a high degree of resistance to winter frosts. In the harsh winter of 1980, the air temperature dropped below 42 degrees. At the same time, the general indicator of freezing of apple trees of Minusinsky Dessertnoye was just over 1 point. Wood and annual shoots were slightly damaged. During the period of returnable spring frosts, the flowers of the Minusinskoye Dessertnoe apple trees do not crumble. Also, trees of this variety are highly drought tolerant and tolerate heat well. Another advantage of the variety is its immunity to such a common fungal disease among fruit crops as scab. During the years of widespread epidemics among apple plantings, the leaves of apple trees of the Minusinskoe Dessertnoe variety are slightly affected, and apples are not infected at all.

The disadvantages of the Michurinskoe dessert apple variety include the frequency of its harvests, a short shelf life and a tendency to crush the fruit.

Conclusion

Apple variety Minusinskoe Dessertnoe is an exceptionally winter-hardy variety suitable for growing in the harsh climate of Eastern Siberia. Even in frosty winters and dry summer months, Michurinskoe dessert apple trees bring a harvest of apples with high taste and marketability.